The city, designed as a living organism but composed of different systems, organized according to hierarchies and coordinated functions, was a hypothesis, a project, a utopia of modernism that has not resisted the verification of history and facts, a representation that reflects a theoretical imaginary that is utopian in many ways, emptied in any case by the concrete development of those magmatic and vital organisms that are contemporary cities, profoundly changed under the pressure of technological evolution, climate changes and the economic and social phenomena that bind to them. In the contemporary city physical and virtual spaces coexist with a complex network of connections that keeps the entire urban and territorial system in balance. The "city" has changed because "even the society of reference has changed rapidly and profoundly in recent decades. The aspects that most clearly influence the urban condition are the demographic crisis, the growing inequality and the migratory crisis". Moreover, inevitably, "the changes in the economy bring about a change in the social composition of cities" [Balducci 2018]. Among the priorities of Agenda 2030, identified in 17 Goals, are very clear and present issues derived from the economic and social crisis of 2008, which have triggered further levels of criticality in the contemporary city, around issues such as poverty, food, health, education, gender equality, access to primary resources such as water and energy. The crisis has in fact polarized ancient social issues that in cities take on the physical form of the underlying phenomenon, namely the widening of the gap between parts of societies that are increasingly rich (the few), and parts of societies that are increasingly poor (the many). Among the many fields of application this study addresses the issues of social inequality in relation to urban space, starting with the question: what contribution can architects make to address the issue of increasing inequalities? How can design processes contribute to greater social equity and greater and fairer access to opportunities and resources? There is no doubt that the problem of the right to housing returns to being, after decades, a basic need. Developing research into new housing models can make a contribution, albeit limited, to finding and designing new shared forms of housing (co-living, co-housing, etc.) that can help define new forms of housing for the diverse housing demands of contemporary urban communities. An interesting case study is undoubtedly the Hunzikerareal district, developed by the Mehr als wohnen cooperative in Zurich. A place that contributes to the socio-economic development of the city - not just a dormitory district - where you live, work and spend your time. The built form of the house has always been a concrete and symbolic reflection of the social structure at the same time. The search for new models of living cannot, therefore, be separated from the new ways of living and the growing environmental and political challenges that affect where and how we live.
La città pensata come un organismo vivo ma composto da diversi sistemi, organizzati secondo gerarchie e funzioni coordinate, era un’ipotesi, un progetto, un’utopia del modernismo che non ha resistito alla verifica della storia e dei fatti, una rappresentazione che rispecchia un immaginario teorico per molti versi utopico, svuotato in ogni caso dal concreto sviluppo di quegli organismi magmatici e vitali che sono le città contemporanee, profondamente mutate sotto la spinta dell’evoluzione tecnologica, i climate changes e i fenomeni economici e sociali che ad essi si legano. Nella città contemporanea convivono spazi fisici e virtuali e una complessa rete di connessioni che mantiene in equilibrio l’intero sistema urbano e territoriale. La città è cambiata perché «anche la società di riferimento è cambiata rapidamente e profondamente negli ultimi decenni. Gli aspetti che influenzano in modo più evidente la condizione urbana sono la crisi demografica, la crescente disuguaglianza e la crisi migratoria». Del resto, inevitabilmente, «i cambiamenti dell’economia comportano un mutamento della composizione sociale delle città» [Balducci 2018]. Tra le priorità di Agenda 2030, identificate in 17 goals, sono ben chiare e presenti questioni derivate dalla crisi economica e sociale del 2008, che hanno scatenato ulteriori livelli di criticità nella città contemporanea, intorno a temi come povertà, alimentazione, salute, istruzione, uguaglianza di genere, accesso a risorse primarie come acqua ed energia. La crisi ha di fatto polarizzato questioni sociali antiche che nelle città assumono la forma fisica del fenomeno sotteso e cioè l’ampliamento del solco tra parti di società sempre più ricche (i pochi), e parti di società sempre più povere (i molti). Tra i tanti ambiti di applicazione questo studio affronta i temi della disuguaglianza sociale in relazione allo spazio urbano, partendo dalla domanda: quale contributo possono dare gli architetti per affrontare il tema dell’aumento delle diseguaglianze? Come i processi progettuali possono contribuire a realizzare una maggiore equità sociale e un più ampio e equo accesso alle opportunità e alle risorse? Senza dubbio il problema del diritto all’abitazione ritorna ad essere, dopo decenni, un basic need. Sviluppare una ricerca sui nuovi modelli abitativi può dare un contributo, sebbene limitato, a trovare e progettare nuove forme condivise dell’abitare (co-living, co-housing, etc.) che possono aiutare a definire nuove forme del’abitare per le variegate domande di abitazione delle comunità urbane contemporanee. Un case study interessante è senza dubbio il quartiere Hunzikerareal, realizzato dalla cooperativa Mehr als wohnen, a Zurigo. Un luogo che contribuisce allo sviluppo socio-economico della città – non un semplice quartiere dormitorio -, in cui si vive, si lavora, si trascorre il proprio tempo. La forma costruita dell'abitazione è sempre stata un riflesso concreto e simbolico al tempo stesso della struttura sociale. La ricerca di modelli di nuovi dell’abitare, non può essere separata, quindi, dai nuovi modi di vivere e dalle crescenti sfide ambientali e politiche che incidono sul dove e come viviamo.
Abitare sostenibile e sociale / Presta, Ida Giulia. - In: WORKING PAPERS. - ISSN 2465-2059. - ELETTRONICO. - 2019:2(2019).
Abitare sostenibile e sociale
Ida Giulia Presta
2019-01-01
Abstract
The city, designed as a living organism but composed of different systems, organized according to hierarchies and coordinated functions, was a hypothesis, a project, a utopia of modernism that has not resisted the verification of history and facts, a representation that reflects a theoretical imaginary that is utopian in many ways, emptied in any case by the concrete development of those magmatic and vital organisms that are contemporary cities, profoundly changed under the pressure of technological evolution, climate changes and the economic and social phenomena that bind to them. In the contemporary city physical and virtual spaces coexist with a complex network of connections that keeps the entire urban and territorial system in balance. The "city" has changed because "even the society of reference has changed rapidly and profoundly in recent decades. The aspects that most clearly influence the urban condition are the demographic crisis, the growing inequality and the migratory crisis". Moreover, inevitably, "the changes in the economy bring about a change in the social composition of cities" [Balducci 2018]. Among the priorities of Agenda 2030, identified in 17 Goals, are very clear and present issues derived from the economic and social crisis of 2008, which have triggered further levels of criticality in the contemporary city, around issues such as poverty, food, health, education, gender equality, access to primary resources such as water and energy. The crisis has in fact polarized ancient social issues that in cities take on the physical form of the underlying phenomenon, namely the widening of the gap between parts of societies that are increasingly rich (the few), and parts of societies that are increasingly poor (the many). Among the many fields of application this study addresses the issues of social inequality in relation to urban space, starting with the question: what contribution can architects make to address the issue of increasing inequalities? How can design processes contribute to greater social equity and greater and fairer access to opportunities and resources? There is no doubt that the problem of the right to housing returns to being, after decades, a basic need. Developing research into new housing models can make a contribution, albeit limited, to finding and designing new shared forms of housing (co-living, co-housing, etc.) that can help define new forms of housing for the diverse housing demands of contemporary urban communities. An interesting case study is undoubtedly the Hunzikerareal district, developed by the Mehr als wohnen cooperative in Zurich. A place that contributes to the socio-economic development of the city - not just a dormitory district - where you live, work and spend your time. The built form of the house has always been a concrete and symbolic reflection of the social structure at the same time. The search for new models of living cannot, therefore, be separated from the new ways of living and the growing environmental and political challenges that affect where and how we live.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.