Notwithstanding a centuries-long tradition of conservation in Italy, the principal cause of degradation of Greek and Roman buildings is found principally in the lack of a standardised intervention methodology and in the use of inappropriate building materials, incompatible with the tectonics of the original building. In effect, from the 1920s until recently, restoration interventions with steel reinforcement bars and epoxy resins to buildings made originally of stone seem to have been carried out on the principal archaeological monuments throughout the Mediterranean area causing similar structural and formal damage, which is sometimes irreversible. The Italian position, different from the Greek one, even with increasingly frequent architectural emergencies, including building collapses, seems to offer only a glaring lack of preparation in methodology, procedure and technique in the proposing of solutions or long-term intervention programmes. Instead, there are temporary interventions, such as protective coverings or support scaffolding which, remaining in situ beyond their capacity for protection, have worsened the conservation status of the building, as has recently happened for the archaic fountain in Akragas. The partial de-restoration of the fountain reported in this paper is part of a critical close examination of the history of its restorations since its discovery, which has confirmed that inexact analyses and a succession of ineffective interventions have damaged the entire architectural setup, whose typological characteristics of construction require a full and definitive intervention.
A fronte di una plurisecolare tradizione conservativa italiana, la causa principale di degrado dei monumenti di età greca e romana risiede prevalentemente nell’assenza di una metodologia d’intervento codificata e nell’uso inappropriato di materiali edili incompatibili con la tettonica dei manufatti originario, che risultano staticamente compromessi. In effetti, a partire dai restauri dei primi anni Venti con l’anastilosi del Tempio di Eracle sino ai più recenti interventi sui monumenti antichi di Agrigento, l’introduzione nei sistemi costruttivi originari in pietra di armature metalliche e resine epossidiche sembra interessare trasversalmente i principali monumenti archeologici del Mediterraneo, ormai accomunati da simili danni strutturali e formali, talvolta irreversibili. Differentemente dalla Grecia, la posizione italiana - anche alla luce dei sempre più frequenti episodi di crollo di significative emergenze architettoniche - sembra mostrare una certa impreparazione metodologica, procedurale e tecnica nel proporre ipotesi risolutive o programmi di intervento adeguati, anche di lunga durata. Tale incapacità è stata prevalentemente supplita da interventi provvisori, quali coperture protettive o ponteggi tubolari di controventamento che, perdurando oltre il tempo necessario, hanno peggiorato in vario modo lo status conservativo dei manufatti, come è avvenuto di recente per la fontana di Agrigento. Il de-restauro parziale della fontana trattato nel presente contributo si inserisce nell’ambito di una disamina critica e documentativa sulla storia dei restauri che hanno interessato il monumento dalla sua scoperta ad oggi e ha confermato che il perpetrarsi di analisi inesatte e il succedersi di interventi inefficaci hanno danneggiato l’intero apparato architettonico, le cui caratteristiche tipologiche e costruttive richiederebbero un intervento congiunto e definitivo.
La conservazione dei monumenti antichi in Sicilia. Il caso del de-restauro della fontana arcaica di Agrigento / Santoro, Valentina. - In: THIASOS. - ISSN 2279-7297. - ELETTRONICO. - 3:2(2014), pp. 93-117.
La conservazione dei monumenti antichi in Sicilia. Il caso del de-restauro della fontana arcaica di Agrigento
Valentina Santoro
2014-01-01
Abstract
Notwithstanding a centuries-long tradition of conservation in Italy, the principal cause of degradation of Greek and Roman buildings is found principally in the lack of a standardised intervention methodology and in the use of inappropriate building materials, incompatible with the tectonics of the original building. In effect, from the 1920s until recently, restoration interventions with steel reinforcement bars and epoxy resins to buildings made originally of stone seem to have been carried out on the principal archaeological monuments throughout the Mediterranean area causing similar structural and formal damage, which is sometimes irreversible. The Italian position, different from the Greek one, even with increasingly frequent architectural emergencies, including building collapses, seems to offer only a glaring lack of preparation in methodology, procedure and technique in the proposing of solutions or long-term intervention programmes. Instead, there are temporary interventions, such as protective coverings or support scaffolding which, remaining in situ beyond their capacity for protection, have worsened the conservation status of the building, as has recently happened for the archaic fountain in Akragas. The partial de-restoration of the fountain reported in this paper is part of a critical close examination of the history of its restorations since its discovery, which has confirmed that inexact analyses and a succession of ineffective interventions have damaged the entire architectural setup, whose typological characteristics of construction require a full and definitive intervention.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.