Strategic decision making of energy storage owned virtual power plant in day-ahead and intra-day markets

In this paper, a service-oriented aggregator like a virtual power plant is modeled and designed to facilitate the integration of distributed generations in both day-ahead and intra-day power markets and simultaneously collaborate with the distribution system operator to manage the grid utilization problem. To do this, a proper plan of interactions between power system and market operators, customers, and aggregators concerning participation in the electricity market is suggested and explained. The optimal arrangement of the real and reactive power flows of VPP sources is a solution used to manage the congestion of the distribution network with the aim of maximizing the integration of renewable energy into the energy market. The VPP utilizes the rolling horizon technique to decrease the uncertainties related to renewables in the scheduling horizon. To prevent unwarranted wind and solar power generation curtailments, VPP behaves flexibly and reschedules its resources according to the contracts that are concluded. In this work, a modified IEEE 33-bus distribution test system is utilized to investigate the efficiency and proficiency of the proposed method. The simulation and numerical results demonstrate that the suggested VPP model can not only improve solar and wind power integration in the energy markets but also alleviate congestion in the distribution networks.