Collaborative Robot in Engine Assembly: A Socioeconomic Approach to Technological Advancement in Manufacturing

Industry 4.0 enabling technologies have been integrated into manufacturing systems. One of these technologies, the collaborative robot or cobot, holds significant expansion potential due to its shared application with humans in manufacturing environments. It offers cost reduction, a safer working environment, especially regarding ergonomic risks, and product quality improvements. This research aimed to assess the economic and social benefits, focusing on the reduction of ergonomic risks and quality gains resulting from the implementation of cobots in the engine assembly process. A case study was conducted in an engine assembly company, involving process observation, data collection, analysis of technical reports, and interviews with managers. The results indicated that integrating cobots into the manufacturing process is advantageous for the industry. There was a significant reduction in annual operating costs, totalling $41,602.56, leading to a return on investment in 1 year and 9 months. Furthermore, ensuring torque in the correct sequence resulted in product quality improvement, reduced ergonomic risks, and a safer working environment for operators. This research contributes to advancing knowledge on the economic, social, and quality advantages of cobot application in the engine assembly process.