Teaching methods for building human capital for the twin transition: a skill-based approach

The growing demand for qualified professionals for the twin green and digital transition exceeds the supply of candidates, highlighting the urgency of effective educational methods for qualifying individuals in a circular economy (CE). However, despite the CE field having made several advances in terms of academic research and practical applications, teaching the CE has not received proper attention. Recently, the skills required in a twin transition have been defined, along with a framework identifying which of these skills should be fostered in new educational initiatives. However, it is still not clear which teaching methods are most suitable to support education in CE. This study, based on a systematic literature review, identifies 11 teaching methods, such as case studies, project-based learning, and gamification, that develop technical, digital and resilience skills. Given the continuous evolution and interdisciplinarity of the CE, particularly when combined with digital technologies, the delivery of knowledge necessitates appropriate and flexible approaches. By providing theoretical and practical implications, the study guides educators and policymakers in creating curricula aligned with market demands, promoting interdisciplinary education for the twin transition.