A case study on the environmental measures techniques for the conservation in the vernacular settlements in Southern Italy

Masonry microclimate and hygrometric content are significant parameters for the conservation of works of art and cultural heritages, in particular when there are mural frescos and rocky churches. The thermo-hygrometric conditions of these hypogea are particularly expensive and need detailed monitoring. The present investigation deals with the Sanctuary of St. Mary of Palomba, located in the rock settlement of Sassi of Matera in the South of Italy. A recent restoration of the Sanctuary has not given fully satisfactory results for the control of the inside parameters. For this reason, the church has been monitored to determine the causes of the new, degradation of its frescos. These were identified as incorrect restoration and insufficient ventilation. The new solutions proposed have improved the internal microclimate without modifying the fascinating architecture of the Sanctuary.