Optimal operation and reserve provision planning for an EV-oriented DC microgrid

The spreading of diffused renewable generation and of electric vehicles poses the basis for the evolution of microgrids in electric networks. Microgrids can enhance the controllability of the sources and loads, by means of converters, and DC integration is of increasing importance. The presence of controllable devices gives rise to the possibility for microgrids to contribute to ancillary service provision. In this paper, a procedure for optimal operation planning of a DC microgrid integrating photovoltaic, battery and electric vehicles is proposed, aiming at minimizing total cost and defining power and reserve exchange profiles, according to technical limits. The procedure is applied to a realistic DC microgrid installation.