The critical doubt in typological and morphological studies of Italian school

The Italian school that attempted to build a structure of method based on interpretation of reality through the use of analytical and practical parameters, find its leading theoretical exponents in Saverio Muratori and Aldo Rossi. Already active for decades, both schools of thought are showing interest in a hypothesis about the interpretation of the urban space, although the instruments used are very different. The one theorized by A. Rossi offers the idea of ‘split town’ which examines the existing as a collection of witnesses located in time and space, expressing a view opposite to the postulate of Muratori about the idea of process and continuous transformation. The concept of unity of human events, enunciated by Muratori through the idea of city-organism, appears revolutionary not only in relation to the many theories proposed in those years, but especially to the thought of Rossi who reads the built based on the concept of "form" where he tries to explain the morphological differences. On the contrary, the idea of ‘form structure’ will help lay the foundation, for the first time, for an assumptions projected towards the interpretation of reality and of urban morphology, with a not only synchronic but also diachronic meaning, as proposed by g. Caniggia and by the Muratori's school. About fifty years of research, during which different methods have been developed, and the constant updating of the theory in response to the evolving cultural and architectural dynamics, brought to a deep divide between the two schools, especially in the design field. Although both schools show, inside the structure of own thought, a vocation not to consider, ever, what has been demonstrated as true, thereby showing interest towards the heuristics one of the doubt which makes methods as far as possible scientific, a profound distinction substantiates the theoretical view. According to Rossi the concept of architecture as an analogy appears irreconcilable in relation to the one from Muratori based on the idea of continuity and consistency with the linguistic nature of the built that varies in space and time.