Robust Coordinated Port-Ship Energy Management with Hydrogen and Renewables for Sustainable Low-Carbon Maritime Operations

The maritime industry is vital to global trade, with seaport microgrids enabling large-scale electrification. As ports increasingly supply shore power to docked ships, managing maritime energy becomes a complex coordination challenge, intensified by variable renewable sources like PV systems and fluctuating onboard and port-side loads that drive carbon emissions. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a robust twostage optimization framework for coordinated port-ship energy scheduling. The goal is to economically allocate shore power to docked ships while minimizing carbon emissions. The first stage focuses on economic dispatch, reducing storage degradation, grid power purchases, and carbon emissions. The second stage ensures robustness by addressing uncertainties in PV generation and load demand under worst-case scenarios. An iterative Column-and-Constraint Generation (CCG) algorithm is employed to efficiently solve the optimization problem in MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in improving energy efficiency, reducing emissions, and supporting sustainability goals in maritime energy systems.