Lightweight Single-Phase Dynamic Load Model for Real-Time Simulation

The real-time simulation of large-scale power grids with dynamic loads can be challenging due to the presence of computationally heavy blocks such as Root-Mean-Square (RMS), variable frequency mean, Phase-Locked-Loop (PLL), synchronous frame transformation (abc - dq0), and conversion blocks (polar-to-complex). This paper proposes an alternative method to implement an equivalent computationally efficient single-phase dynamic load model based on the concept of instantaneous p-q theory to simulate large-scale unbalanced power grids and enhance real-time performance. A single-phase instantaneous p-q theory-based load (PQL) model has been developed as an alternative to the existing single-phase Simulink dynamic load (SDL) model in MATLAB/Simulink to demonstrate the accuracy and computational efficiency of the proposed approach. The two dynamic loads have been compared in terms of their behavior during steady-state and transient simulations and the computational demand in a real-time environment on the standard test feeders.