TiO2/graphene-like photocatalysts for selective oxidation of 3-pyridine-methanol to vitamin B3 under UV/solar simulated radiation in aqueous solution at room conditions: The effect of morphology on catalyst performances

Graphene-like layers, synthesized through a two-step oxidation/reduction wet treatment of a high surface carbon black, have been used to prepare composites with TiO<inf>2</inf> nanoparticles by liquid phase deposition, followed by calcination at 200 °C. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO<inf>2</inf>/graphene-like composites has been tested for the selective conversion of 3-pyridine methanol to 3-pyridine carboxyaldehyde and nicotinic acid (vitamin B3), under de-aerated and UV/solar simulated conditions, in the presence of cupricions. Two different composite morphologies have been explored and a dependence of the photocatalytic activity has been assessed. An enhanced photocatalytic activity, with respect to the neat TiO<inf>2</inf>, has been observed and attributed to the broader variety of stable free-radical species generated, at a given photo-catalyst morphology, within the delocalized π-electron systems.