Spintronic oscillators based on spin-transfer torque and spin-orbit torque

Spin-torque nano-oscillators (STNOs) are a possible new type of integrated device for applications such as microwave emission, frequency modulation, frequency mixing, and frequency detection. In order to reach telecommunication-application-required specifications, several issues must be tackled such as operating without a magnetic field and obtaining high output power, high frequency, and phase noise reduction. This has led to continuous research over the last several years. In this chapter, after a brief review of the main oscillators' properties, we give an overview of recent developments and advances in the materials, geometry design, and features of STNOs. We describe the different structures used for these kinds of nonlinear oscillators, and we describe a different operating mode of STNO based on the spin-Hall effect. Challenges and perspectives of STNOs that might be productive topics for future research are also briefly discussed.