The thesis investigates the relationships between hydrographic ruts and settlement principles, relating heterogeneous disciplinary knowledge, beginning with physical geography and river-shaping processes to urban form, type and character of architecture. The aim is to elaborate new categories useful for reading river landscapes by revealing the reciprocal relationship of form between settlement systems and hydrography, sifting tools and methodologies and abstracting principles useful for shaping river landscapes with a renewed focus on the geography and morphology of natural elements. The research consists of four parts. The first makes explicit the specific conditions of river territories and the character of the relationships that occur between river and landscape. The research is grounded in the Italian and Chinese bibliographical sources that have addressed the topic, beginning with early Western treatises and the long tradition of hydraulic studies conducted at the Chinese imperial court. The comparison between Western and Chinese thought provides theoretical support for the research, which acknowledges the impossibility of distinguishing between flumen and ripae, between nature and artifice, defining the character of ambiguity that invests the relationship between river and landscape. The second part includes an in-depth study of tools and theories for developing the research method. These are the geographical description and river morphology, the transformations and uses determined by man in his relationship with the land, the typological issues and urban morphology. Using cartography as an oriented tool, the research traces some notable points of the river layout, acknowledges the river as a settlement principle, and identifies some features of architecture relating to its proximity to water resources. The third part deepens the reading of the Guangdong region of China, identifying case studies in the vast catchment area of the Zhujiang River and its tributaries in a condition close to the delta. The river system is analysed in depth in geographical and hydrological terms, investigating the morphology of the land, understood as the land surface on which topographical conditions, plots and routes, and physical characteristics of the place converge. The acknowledgement of the river courses of the delta induces the case studies to be placed in the geography of this territory, identifying notable points where the city and river course meet. Thus, the place of interface between water and land is chosen as the theme of analysis and design for the territory: complex river forms and integrated river hazard response strategies are assumed as elements organising the form of the territory and constructing two main modes of relationship with the river, levees and marshes. Some settlement systems in the territory under study represent paradigmatic examples for identifying the exchanges between river form and settlement form. The main interest at this stage is directed at the morphology of towns and villages, to read the conditions under which the river becomes the settlement principle for constructing them, and the type constitutes the element to reinforce the settlement principle. Finally, the research dwells on the possibility of identifying some characteristics of built architecture responding to the settlement conditions of river landscapes, turning to two housing types, diaolou and qilou, which in the settlement heritage of the areas under study represent how architecture relates to the water element. In the fourth and final part, following the in-depth study of the case studies, some concluding remarks are elaborated regarding the design of river landscapes and the possible use of the settlement principles traced throughout the discussion for the renewal of design intentions relating to the river.
La tesi indaga le relazioni tra solchi idrografici e principi insediativi, mettendo a sistema conoscenze disciplinari eterogenee, a partire dalla geografia fisica e dai processi di modellamento fluviale, per giungere alla forma urbana, al tipo e ai caratteri dell’architettura. L’obiettivo è quello di elaborare nuove categorie utili alla lettura dei paesaggi fluviali, attraverso il disvelamento della relazione reciproca di forma tra sistemi insediativi e idrografia, vagliando gli strumenti e le metodologie e astraendo princìpi utili a mettere in forma i paesaggi fluviali con una rinnovata attenzione verso la geografia e la morfologia degli elementi naturali. La ricerca si articola in quattro parti. La prima esplicita le condizioni specifiche dei territori fluviali e il carattere delle relazioni che avvengono tra fiume e paesaggio. La ricerca si fonda sulle fonti bibliografiche italiane e cinese che hanno affrontato il tema, a partire dai primi trattati occidentali e dalla lunga tradizione di studi idraulici condotti presso la corte imperiale cinese. Il confronto tra pensiero occidentale e pensiero cinese offre un supporto teorico alla ricerca, che riconosce l’impossibilità di distinguere tra flumen e ripae, tra natura e artificio, definendo il carattere di ambiguità che investe la relazione tra fiume e paesaggio. La seconda parte include l’approfondimento di strumenti e teorie utili allo sviluppo del metodo di ricerca. Tra questi: la descrizione geografica e la morfologia fluviale, le trasformazioni e gli usi determinati dall’uomo nel suo rapporto con il territorio, le questioni tipologiche e la morfologia urbana. Usando la cartografia quale strumento orientato, la ricerca rintraccia alcuni punti notevoli del tracciato fluviale, riconosce il fiume quale principio insediativo e individua alcuni caratteri dell’architettura in relazione alla vicinanza con le risorse idriche. La terza parte approfondisce la lettura della regione cinese del Guangdong, individuando i casi di studio nel vasto bacino idrografico del fiume Zhujiang e dei suoi affluenti, in una condizione prossima al delta. Il sistema idrografico è approfondito in termini geografici e idrologici, indagando la morfologia del suolo, inteso come superficie territoriale su cui convergono le condizioni topografiche, le trame e i percorsi, le caratteristiche fisiche del luogo. Il riconoscimento dei tracciati fluviali del delta induce a collocare i casi di studio nella geografia di questo territorio, individuando dei punti notevoli in cui città e tracciato fluviale si incontrano. Si elegge quindi il luogo di interfaccia tra acqua e suolo come tema di analisi e di progetto per il territorio: forme fluviali complesse e strategie integrate di risposta alla pericolosità fluviale vengono assunti come elementi che organizzano la forma del territorio e costruiscono due modalità principali di relazione con il fiume, argini e paludi. Alcuni sistemi insediativi, collocati nel territorio oggetto di studio, si costituiscono come esempi paradigmatici nell’individuazione degli scambi tra forma del fiume e forma dell’insediamento. L’interesse principale in questa fase è rivolto alla morfologia delle città e dei villaggi, al fine di leggere le condizioni in cui il fiume diviene principio insediativo per la costruzione di essi e il tipo costituisce l’elemento mediante il quale il principio insediativo si rafforza. La ricerca, infine, si sofferma sulla possibilità di individuare alcuni caratteri dell’architettura costruita rispondenti alle condizioni insediative dei paesaggi fluviali, rivolgendosi a due tipologie abitative, i diaolou e i qilou, che nel patrimonio insediativo delle aree oggetto di studio rappresentano le modalità di relazione dell’architettura con l’elemento acqua. Nella quarta e ultima parte, a valle dell’approfondimento dei casi di studio, si elaborano alcune considerazioni conclusive in merito al progetto dei paesaggi fluviali e al possibile ricorso ai principi insediativi rintracciati nel corso della trattazione per il rinnovamento delle intenzionalità progettuali rispetto al fiume.
Paesaggi fluviali. Argini, isole e paludi, interrelazioni tra risorse idrografiche e principi insediativi. Casi di studio nel delta del fiume Zhujiang in Guangdong / Vacca, Valentina. - ELETTRONICO. - (2020). [10.60576/poliba/iris/vacca-valentina_phd2020]
Paesaggi fluviali. Argini, isole e paludi, interrelazioni tra risorse idrografiche e principi insediativi. Casi di studio nel delta del fiume Zhujiang in Guangdong.
Vacca, Valentina
2020-01-01
Abstract
The thesis investigates the relationships between hydrographic ruts and settlement principles, relating heterogeneous disciplinary knowledge, beginning with physical geography and river-shaping processes to urban form, type and character of architecture. The aim is to elaborate new categories useful for reading river landscapes by revealing the reciprocal relationship of form between settlement systems and hydrography, sifting tools and methodologies and abstracting principles useful for shaping river landscapes with a renewed focus on the geography and morphology of natural elements. The research consists of four parts. The first makes explicit the specific conditions of river territories and the character of the relationships that occur between river and landscape. The research is grounded in the Italian and Chinese bibliographical sources that have addressed the topic, beginning with early Western treatises and the long tradition of hydraulic studies conducted at the Chinese imperial court. The comparison between Western and Chinese thought provides theoretical support for the research, which acknowledges the impossibility of distinguishing between flumen and ripae, between nature and artifice, defining the character of ambiguity that invests the relationship between river and landscape. The second part includes an in-depth study of tools and theories for developing the research method. These are the geographical description and river morphology, the transformations and uses determined by man in his relationship with the land, the typological issues and urban morphology. Using cartography as an oriented tool, the research traces some notable points of the river layout, acknowledges the river as a settlement principle, and identifies some features of architecture relating to its proximity to water resources. The third part deepens the reading of the Guangdong region of China, identifying case studies in the vast catchment area of the Zhujiang River and its tributaries in a condition close to the delta. The river system is analysed in depth in geographical and hydrological terms, investigating the morphology of the land, understood as the land surface on which topographical conditions, plots and routes, and physical characteristics of the place converge. The acknowledgement of the river courses of the delta induces the case studies to be placed in the geography of this territory, identifying notable points where the city and river course meet. Thus, the place of interface between water and land is chosen as the theme of analysis and design for the territory: complex river forms and integrated river hazard response strategies are assumed as elements organising the form of the territory and constructing two main modes of relationship with the river, levees and marshes. Some settlement systems in the territory under study represent paradigmatic examples for identifying the exchanges between river form and settlement form. The main interest at this stage is directed at the morphology of towns and villages, to read the conditions under which the river becomes the settlement principle for constructing them, and the type constitutes the element to reinforce the settlement principle. Finally, the research dwells on the possibility of identifying some characteristics of built architecture responding to the settlement conditions of river landscapes, turning to two housing types, diaolou and qilou, which in the settlement heritage of the areas under study represent how architecture relates to the water element. In the fourth and final part, following the in-depth study of the case studies, some concluding remarks are elaborated regarding the design of river landscapes and the possible use of the settlement principles traced throughout the discussion for the renewal of design intentions relating to the river.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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