Assessment of environmental parameters effect on potentially toxic elements mobility in foreshore sediments to support marine-coastal contamination prediction

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) presence in marine sediments can significantly affect the environmental quality and negatively influence economy and recreational activities in related areas. Accordingly, contamination monitoring and control in the marine environment is a fundamental task. In this work, four PTEs behavior (i.e. As, Hg, Pb, and Zn) in sandy foreshore sediments (SFSs) was thoroughly investigated at different pH, redox potential and temperature conditions of the marine water. For all the tests, the released As was 2.7-6 times higher than its initial concentration in water. Nonetheless, final mass balances showed that preferential release in the liquid phase occurred for Pb and Hg (up to 10 % and 9.1 %, respectively). Moreover, final Zn and Hg content increase in SFSs labile fractions indicated their higher bioavailability after the tests. The obtained results outline an approach useful to predict the contaminants behavior in marine matrices and support environmental monitoring and preservation strategies.